(1) In programming, the process of combining elements to create a new entity. For example, a
procedure is a type of encapsulation because it combines a series of computer instructions. Likewise, a complex
data type, such as a
record or
class, relies on encapsulation.
Object-oriented programming languages rely heavily on encapsulation to create high-level
objects. Encapsulation is closely related to
abstraction and
information hiding.
(2) In networking, same as tunneling.